Metilfenidat
(IUPAC ) ime
metil fenil(piperidin-2-il)acetat
Klinički podaci
Robne marke
Concerta, Methylin, Ritalin, Equasym XL
AHFS/Drugs.com
Monografija
MedlinePlus
a682188
Identifikatori
CAS broj
113-45-1
ATC kod
N06 BA04
PubChem [1] [2] 4158
DrugBank
DB00422
ChemSpider [3] 4015
UNII
207ZZ9QZ49 Y
KEGG [4] D04999 Y
ChEBI
CHEBI:6887 Y
ChEMBL [5] CHEMBL796 Y
Hemijski podaci
Formula
C 14 H 19 N O 2
Mol. masa
233,30 g/mol
SMILES
eMolekuli PubHem
InChI InChI=1S/C14H19NO2/c1-17-14(16)13(11-7-3-2-4-8-11)12-9-5-6-10-15-12/h2-4,7-8,12-13,15H,5-6,9-10H2,1H3 Y Y
Fizički podaci
Tačka topljenja
214 °C (417 °F)
Farmakokinetički podaci
Bioraspoloživost
~30% (opseg: 11–52%)
Vezivanje za proteine plazme
10-33%
Metabolizam
Hepatički (80%)
Poluvreme eliminacije
3-4 sata (d-enantiomer), 1-3 sata (l-enantiomer)
Izlučivanje
Urin (90%)
Farmakoinformacioni podaci
Licenca
US FDA :link
Trudnoća
B3(AU ) C(US )
Pravni status
Droga (S8) (AU ) Schedule III (CA ) ? (UK ) Schedule II (SAD )
Opojna droga
Moderate
Način primene
Oralno, transdermalno
Metilfenidat (Concerta , Methylin , Ritalin , Equasym XL ) je psihostimulišući lek i supstituisani fenetilamin koji je odobren tretman hiperkinetičkog poremećaja (ADHD), posturalnog ortostatskog tahikardnog sindroma i narkolepsije . Originalni patent je posedovalo preduzeće CIBA . FDA je odobrila ovaj lek 1955 . za tretiranje hiperaktivnosti. Propisivan je od početka 1960-tih. Nivo proskripcija je znatno porastao tokom 1990-tih kad je ADHD dijagnoza postala šire prihvaćena.[6] [7]
↑ Li Q, Cheng T, Wang Y, Bryant SH (2010). „PubChem as a public resource for drug discovery.” . Drug Discov Today 15 (23-24): 1052-7. DOI :10.1016/j.drudis.2010.10.003 . PMID 20970519 . http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1359644610007737 . edit ↑ Evan E. Bolton, Yanli Wang, Paul A. Thiessen, Stephen H. Bryant (2008). „Chapter 12 PubChem: Integrated Platform of Small Molecules and Biological Activities”. Annual Reports in Computational Chemistry 4 : 217-241. DOI :10.1016/S1574-1400(08)00012-1 . ↑ Hettne KM, Williams AJ, van Mulligen EM, Kleinjans J, Tkachenko V, Kors JA. (2010). „Automatic vs. manual curation of a multi-source chemical dictionary: the impact on text mining” . J Cheminform 2 (1): 3. DOI :10.1186/1758-2946-2-3 . PMID 20331846 . http://www.jcheminf.com/content/2/1/3 . edit ↑ Joanne Wixon, Douglas Kell (2000). „Website Review: The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes — KEGG” . Yeast 17 (1): 48–55. DOI :10.1002/(SICI)1097-0061(200004)17:1<48::AID-YEA2>3.0.CO;2-H . http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/%28SICI%291097-0061%28200004%2917:1%3C48::AID-YEA2%3E3.0.CO;2-H/full . ↑ Gaulton A, Bellis LJ, Bento AP, Chambers J, Davies M, Hersey A, Light Y, McGlinchey S, Michalovich D, Al-Lazikani B, Overington JP. (2012). „ChEMBL: a large-scale bioactivity database for drug discovery”. Nucleic Acids Res 40 (Database issue): D1100-7. DOI :10.1093/nar/gkr777 . PMID 21948594 . edit ↑ When Was Ritalin Invented? , citing Lawrence Diller: "Running on Ritalin", 1999↑ Lange, K.W. et al.: The history of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorders , 2(4):241-55. doi: 10.1007/s12402-010-0045-8.
Gardiner Harris (3. 2. 2012.). „F.D.A. Finds Short Supply of Attention Deficit Drugs” . The New York Times . Arhivirano iz originala 2012-02-03. http://www.nytimes.com/2012/01/01/health/policy/fda-is-finding-attention-drugs-in-short-supply.html?pagewanted=all . Pristupljeno 3. 2. 2012 . "(Archived by WebCite® at [1] )" L. Alan Sroufe (28. 1. 2012.). „Ritalin Gone Wrong - Opinion - Children\'s A.D.D.Drugs Don\'t Work Long-Term” . The New York Times . Arhivirano iz originala 2012-02-03. http://www.nytimes.com/2012/01/29/opinion/sunday/childrens-add-drugs-dont-work-long-term.html . Pristupljeno 3. 2. 2012 . "(Archived by WebCite® at [2] )" {Cite journal|author=Lakhan SE, Hagger-Johnson GE |title=The impact of prescribed psychotropics on youth |journal=Clin Pract Epidemol Ment Health |volume=3 |page=21 |year=2007 |pmid=17949504 |pmc=2100041 |doi=10.1186/1745-0179-3-21 |url=http://www.cpementalhealth.com/content/3/1/21 |issue=1}}
Drug Enforcement Administration, Greene, S.H., Response to CHADD petition concerning Ritalin, 1995, August 7. Washington, DC: DEA, U.S. Department of Justice.
New Research Helps Explain Ritalin's Low Abuse Potential When Taken As Prescribed – 09/29/1998 Arhivirano 2010-05-28 na Wayback Machine-u . Nih.gov. Retrieved on 2011-04-30.Weinberg WA, Brumback RA (1992). „The myth of attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder: symptoms resulting from multiple causes” . J. Child Neurol. 7 (4): 431–45; discussion 446–61. DOI :10.1177/088307389200700420 . PMID 1469255 . http://jcn.sagepub.com/cgi/pdf_extract/7/4/431 . "Are we over medicating our kids? Speaking with Dr. Harold Koplewicz of @ChildMindDotOrg ". Presenters: Joan Hamburg and Dr. Harold Koplewicz. Joan Hamburg Show (Radio) . WOR Radio Network. WOR, New York , NY . 3. 2. 2012.. 1:11 into the complete two part show - 2 minutes in. Transcript . </ref>
Agonisti :
5-FNE •
6-FNE •
Amidefrin •
Anisodamin •
Anisodin •
Cirazolin •
Dipivefrin •
Dopamin •
Efedrin •
Epinefrin (Adrenalin) •
Etilefrin •
Etilnorepinefrin •
Indanidin •
Levonordefrin •
Metaraminol •
Metoksamin •
Metildopa •
Midodrin •
Nafazolin •
Norepinefrin (Noradrenalin) •
Oktopamin •
Oksimetazolin •
Fenilefrin •
Fenilpropanolamin •
Pseudoefedrin •
Sinefrin •
Tetrahidrozolin Antagonisti :
Abanohil •
Adimolol •
Ajmalicin •
Alfuzosin •
Amosulalol •
Arotinolol •
Atiprosin •
Benoksatian •
Buflomedil •
Bunazosin •
Karvedilol •
CI-926 •
Korinantin •
Dapiprazol •
DL-017 •
Domesticin •
Doksazosin •
Eugenodilol •
Fenspirid •
GYKI-12,743 •
GYKI-16,084 •
Indoramin •
Ketanserin •
L-765,314 •
Labetalol •
Mefendioksan •
Metazosin •
Monatepil •
Moksisilit (Timoksamin) •
Naftopidil •
Nantenin •
Neldazosin •
Nicergolin •
Niguldipin •
Pelanserin •
Fendioksan •
Fenoksibenzamin •
Fentolamin •
Piperoksan •
Prazosin •
Hinazosin •
Ritanserin •
RS-97,078 •
SGB-1,534 •
Silodosin •
SL-89.0591 •
Spiperon •
Talipeksol •
Tamsulosin •
Terazosin •
Tibalosin •
Tiodazosin •
Tipentosin •
Tolazolin •
Trimazosin •
Upidosin •
Urapidil •
Zolertin * Mnogi TCA , TeCA , antipsihotici , ergolini , i neki piperazini kao što su buspiron , trazodon , nefazodon , etoperidon , i mepiprazol takođe antagoniziraju α1 -adrenergičke receptore, što doprinosi njihovim nuspojavama.
Adamantani :
Amantadin • Memantin • Rimantadin ;
Aminotetralini :
7-OH-DPAT • 8-OH-PBZI • Rotigotin • UH-232 ;
Benzazepini :
6-Br-APB • Fenoldopam • SKF-38,393 • SKF-77,434 • SKF-81,297 • SKF-82,958 • SKF-83,959 ;
Ergolini :
Bromokriptin • Kabergolin • Dihidroergokriptin • Lisurid • LSD • Pergolid ;
Dihidreksidinski derivati :
2-OH-NPA • A-86,929 • Ciladopa • Dihidreksidin • Dinapsolin • Dinoksilin • Doksantrin ;
Drugi :
A-68,930 • A-77636 • A-412,997 • ABT-670 • ABT-724 • Aplindor • Apomorfin • Aripiprazol • Bifeprunoks • BP-897 • CY-208,243 • Dizocilpin • Etilevodopa • Flibanserin • Ketamin • Melevodopa • Modafinil • Pardoprunoks • Fenciklidin • PD-128,907 • PD-168,077 • PF-219,061 • Piribedil • Pramipeksol • Propilnorapomorfin • Pukatein • Hinagolid • Hineloran • Hinpirol • RDS-127 • Ro10-5824 • Ropinirol • Rotigotin • Roksindol • Salvinorin A • SKF-89,145 • Sumanirol • Tergurid • Umespiron • WAY-100,635
Morfolini :
Fenbutrazat • Morazon • Fendimetrazin • Fenmetrazin ;
Oksazolini :
4-Metilaminoreks (4-MAR, 4-MAX)
• Aminoreks • Klominoreks • Ciklazodon • Fenozolon • Fluminoreks • Pemolin • Tozalinon ;
Fenetilamini (takođe
amfetamini ,
katinoni ,
fentermini , itd):
2-Hidroksifenetilamin (2-OH-PEA)
• 4-CAB • 4-Metilamfetamin (4-MA)
• 4-Metilmetamfetamin (4-MMA)
• Alfetamin • Amfekloral • Amfepentoreks • Amfepramon • Amfetamin (
Dekstroamfetamin • Levoamfetamin )
• Amfetaminil • β-Metilfenetilamin (β-Me-PEA)
• Benzodioksolilbutanamin (BDB)
• Benzodioksolilhidroksibutanamin (BOH)
• Benzfetamin • Bufedron • Butilon • Katin • Katinon • Klobenzoreks • Klortermin • D-deprenil • Dimetoksiamfetamin (DMA)
• Dimetoksimetamfetamin (DMMA)
• Dimetilamfetamin • Dimetilkatinon (Dimetilpropion, metamfepramon)
• Etkatinon (Etilpropion)
• Etilamfetamin • Etilbenzodioksolilbutanamin (EBDB)
• Etilon • Famprofazon • Fenetilin • Fenproporeks • Flefedron • Fludoreks • Furfenoreks • Hordenin • Lofofin (Homomiristicilamin)
• Mefenoreks • Mefedron • Metamfetamin (Dezoksiefedrin, Metedrin;
Dekstrometamfetamin • Levometamfetamin )
• Metkatinon (Metilpropion)
• Metedron • Metoksimetilenedioksiamfetamin (MMDA)
• Metoksimetilendioksimetamfetamin (MMDMA)
• Metilbenzodioksolilbutanamin (MBDB)
• Metilendioksiamfetamin (MDA, tenamfetamin)
• Metilendioksietilamfetamin (MDEA)
• Metilendioksihidroksiamfetamin (MDOH)
• Metilendioksimetamfetamin (MDMA)
• Metilendioksimetilfenetilamin (MDMPEA, homarilamin)
• Metilendioksifenetilamin (MDPEA, homopiperonilamin)
• Metilon • Ortetamin • Parabromoamfetamin (PBA)
• Parahloroamfetamin (PCA)
• Parafluoroamfetamin (PFA)
• Parafluorometamfetamin (PFMA)
• Parahidroksiamfetamin (PHA)
• Parajodoamfetamin (PIA)
• Paredrin (Norfoledrin, Oksamfetamin)
• Fenetilamin (PEA)
• Foledrin • Fenprometamin • Prenilamin • Propilamfetamin • Tifloreks (Flutioreks)
• Tiramin (TRA)
• Ksilopropamin • Zilofuramin ;
Piperazini :
2,5-Dimetoksi-4-bromobenzilpiperazin (2C-B-BZP)
• Benzilpiperazin (BZP)
• Metoksifenilpiperazin (MeOPP, paraperazin)
• Metilbenzilpiperazin (MBZP)
• Metilendioksibenzilpiperazin (MDBZP, piperonilpiperazin);
Drugi :
2-Amino-1,2-dihidronaftalen (2-ADN)
• 2-Aminoindan (2-AI)
• 2-Aminotetralin (2-AT)
• 4-Benzilpiperidin (4-BP)
• 5-IAI • Klofenciklan • Ciklopentamin • Cipenamin • Ciprodenat • Feprosidnin • Gilutensin • Heptaminol • Heksaciklonat • Indanilaminopropan (IAP)
• Indanoreks • Izometepten • Metilheksanamin • Naftilaminopropan (NAP)
• Oktodrin • Ftalimidopropiofenon • Propilheksedrin (
Levopropilheksedrin )
• Tuaminoheptan (Tuamin)
