Glukagonski receptor
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| Glukagonski receptor | |||||||||||
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| Dostupne strukture | |||||||||||
| 3CZF | |||||||||||
| Identifikatori | |||||||||||
| Simboli | GCGR; GGR | ||||||||||
| Vanjski ID | OMIM: 138033 MGI: 99572 HomoloGene: 131 IUPHAR: glucagon GeneCards: GCGR Gene | ||||||||||
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| Ortolozi | |||||||||||
| Vrsta | Čovek | Miš | |||||||||
| Entrez | 2642 | 14527 | |||||||||
| Ensembl | ENSG00000215644 | ENSMUSG00000025127 | |||||||||
| UniProt | P47871 | Q61606 | |||||||||
| RefSeq (mRNA) | NM_000160.3 | NM_008101.2 | |||||||||
| RefSeq (protein) | NP_000151.1 | NP_032127.2 | |||||||||
| Lokacija (UCSC) | Chr 17: 79.76 - 79.77 Mb | Chr 11: 120.39 - 120.4 Mb | |||||||||
| PubMed pretraga | [1] | [2] | |||||||||
Glukagonski receptor je 62 kDa težak protein koji se aktivira glukagonom. On je član klase B G protein spregnutih receptora. On formira spregu sa G alfa i, Gs i u manjoj meri G alfa q.[1] Stimulacija receptora dovodi do aktivacije adenilat ciklaze i povišenja nivoa intracelularnog cAMP. Kod ljudi, glukagonski receptor je kodiran GCGR genom.[2][3]
Glukagonski receptori su uglavnom izraženi u jetri i bugrezima, i u manjim razmeri u srcu, adipoznom tkivu, slezini, grudnoj žledi, nadbubrežnim žlezdama, pankreasu, cerebralnom korteksu, i gastrointestinalnom traktu.
Jedna od mutacija GCGR gena je vezana za dijabetes melitus tip 2.[4]
Inaktivirajuća mutacija glukagonskog receptora kod ljudi uzrokuje otpornost na glukagon, te je povezana sa hiperplazijom pankreasnih alfa ćelija, nezidioblastozom, hiperglukagonemijom, i pankreasnim neuroendokrinim tumorima.[5]
- ↑ Brubaker PL, Drucker DJ (2002). „Structure-function of the glucagon receptor family of G protein-coupled receptors: the glucagon, GIP, GLP-1, and GLP-2 receptors”. Recept. Channels 8 (3-4): 179–88. DOI:10.1080/10606820213687. PMID 12529935.
- ↑ Lok S, Kuijper JL, Jelinek LJ, Kramer JM, Whitmore TE, Sprecher CA, Mathewes S, Grant FJ, Biggs SH, Rosenberg GB (March 1994). „The human glucagon receptor encoding gene: structure, cDNA sequence and chromosomal localization”. Gene 140 (2): 203–9. DOI:10.1016/0378-1119(94)90545-2. PMID 8144028.
- ↑ Menzel S, Stoffel M, Espinosa R, Fernald AA, Le Beau MM, Bell GI (March 1994). „Localization of the glucagon receptor gene to human chromosome band 17q25”. Genomics 20 (2): 327–8. DOI:10.1006/geno.1994.1179. PMID 8020989.
- ↑ Hager J, Hansen L, Vaisse C, Vionnet N, Philippi A, Poller W, Velho G, Carcassi C, Contu L, Julier C (March 1995). „A missense mutation in the glucagon receptor gene is associated with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus”. Nat. Genet. 9 (3): 299–304. DOI:10.1038/ng0395-299. PMID 7773293.
- ↑ Zhou C, Dhall D, Nissen NN, Chen CR, Yu R (2009). „Homozygous P86S mutation of the human glucagon receptor is associated with hyperglucagonemia, alpha cell hyperplasia, and islet cell tumor.”. Pancreas 38 (8): 941–6. DOI:10.1097/MPA.0b013e3181b2bb03. PMC 2767399. PMID 19657311.
- Levey GS, Weiss SR, Ruiz E (1975). „Characterization of the glucagon receptor in a pheochromocytoma.”. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 40 (4): 720–3. DOI:10.1210/jcem-40-4-720. PMID 165216.
- Nakamura S, Rodbell M (1991). „Glucagon induces disaggregation of polymer-like structures of the alpha subunit of the stimulatory G protein in liver membranes.”. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 88 (16): 7150–4. DOI:10.1073/pnas.88.16.7150. PMC 52251. PMID 1908089.
- Horuk R, Wright DE (1983). „Partial purification and characterization of the glucagon receptor.”. FEBS Lett. 155 (2): 213–7. DOI:10.1016/0014-5793(82)80605-4. PMID 6303843.
- MacNeil DJ, Occi JL, Hey PJ, et al. (1994). „Cloning and expression of a human glucagon receptor.”. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 198 (1): 328–34. DOI:10.1006/bbrc.1994.1046. PMID 7507321.
- Fujisawa T, Ikegami H, Yamato E, et al. (1995). „A mutation in the glucagon receptor gene (Gly40Ser): heterogeneity in the association with diabetes mellitus.”. Diabetologia 38 (8): 983–5. DOI:10.1007/BF00400589. PMID 7589886.
- Unson CG, Macdonald D, Merrifield RB (1993). „The role of histidine-1 in glucagon action.”. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 300 (2): 747–50. DOI:10.1006/abbi.1993.1103. PMID 8382034.
- Chambers SM, Morris BJ (1996). „Glucagon receptor gene mutation in essential hypertension.”. Nat. Genet. 12 (2): 122. DOI:10.1038/ng0296-122. PMID 8563746.
- Yamato E, Ikegami H, Takekawa K, et al. (1997). „Tissue-specific and glucose-dependent expression of receptor genes for glucagon and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1).”. Horm. Metab. Res. 29 (2): 56–9. DOI:10.1055/s-2007-978985. PMID 9105899.
- Strazzullo P, Iacone R, Siani A, et al. (2001). „Altered renal sodium handling and hypertension in men carrying the glucagon receptor gene (Gly40Ser) variant.”. J. Mol. Med. 79 (10): 574–80. DOI:10.1007/s001090100257. PMID 11692154.
- Shiota D, Kasamatsu T, Dib SA, et al. (2002). „Role of the Gly40Ser mutation in the glucagon receptor gene in Brazilian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.”. Pancreas 24 (4): 386–90. DOI:10.1097/00006676-200205000-00010. PMID 11961492.
- Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). „Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.”. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. DOI:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
- Runge S, Gram C, Brauner-Osborne H, et al. (2003). „Three distinct epitopes on the extracellular face of the glucagon receptor determine specificity for the glucagon amino terminus.”. J. Biol. Chem. 278 (30): 28005–10. DOI:10.1074/jbc.M301085200. PMID 12724331.
- Hassel S, Eichner A, Yakymovych M, et al. (2004). „Proteins associated with type II bone morphogenetic protein receptor (BMPR-II) and identified by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry.”. Proteomics 4 (5): 1346–58. DOI:10.1002/pmic.200300770. PMID 15188402.
- Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). „The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).”. Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. DOI:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
- Mortensen OH, Dichmann DS, Abrahamsen N, et al. (2007). „Identification of a novel human glucagon receptor promoter: regulation by cAMP and PGC-1alpha.”. Gene 393 (1-2): 127–36. DOI:10.1016/j.gene.2007.01.023. PMID 17374560.