VIP ima uticaja na nekoliko različitih delova tela:
U sistemu organa za varenje, VIP izgleda da indukuje relaksaciju glatkih mišića, stimuliše izlučivanje vode u pankreasni sok i žuč, i izaziva inhibiciju izlučivanja gastrične kiseline i apsorpciju iz creva lumena.[4] Njegova uloga u crevima je da znatno stimuliše izlučivanje vode i elektrolita,[5] kao i stimulacija kontrakcija crevnih glatkih mišića, dilatacija perifernih krvnih žila, stimulacija pankresne sekrecije bikarbonata, i inhibicija gastrin-stimulisane sekrecije gastrične kiseline. Ovi efekti se dopunjavaju u povećanju motilnosti.[6]
On takođe uzima učešće u stimulaciji sekrecije pepsinogena.[7]
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