Citohrom P450

Citohrom P450
Citohrom P450 oksidaza (CYP2C9)
Identifikatori
Simbol	P450
Pfam	PF00067
InterPro	IPR001128
PROSITE	PDOC00081
SKOP	2cpp
OPM familija	41
OPM protein	1w0f
Dostupne PDB strukture: 1akd, 1bu7, 1bvy, 1c8j, 1cl6, 1cmj, 1cmn, 1cp4, 1cpt, 1dt6, 1dz4, 1dz6, 1dz8, 1dz9, 1e9x, 1ea1, 1egy, 1ehe, 1ehf, 1ehg, 1eup, 1f24, 1f25, 1f26, 1f4t, 1f4u, 1fag, 1fah, 1geb, 1ged, 1gei, 1gej, 1gek, 1gem, 1gjm, 1gwi, 1h5z, 1io7, 1io8, 1io9, 1iwi, 1iwj, 1iwk, 1izo, 1j51, 1jfb, 1jfc, 1jin, 1jio, 1jip, 1jme, 1jpz, 1k2o, 1lfk, 1lg9, 1lgf, 1lwl, 1mpw, 1n40, 1n4g, 1n6b, 1n97, 1noo, 1nr6, 1o76, 1odo, 1og2, 1og5, 1oxa, 1p0v, 1p0w, 1p0x, 1p2y, 1p7r, 1pha, 1phb, 1phc, 1phd, 1phe, 1phf, 1phg, 1pkf, 1po5, 1pq2, 1q5d, 1q5e, 1qmq, 1r9o, 1re9, 1rf9, 1rom, 1s1f, 1se6, 1smi, 1smj, 1suo, 1t85, 1t86, 1t87, 1t88, 1t93, 1tqn, 1u13, 1ue8, 1ued, 1ulw, 1uyu, 1w0e, 1w0f, 1w0g, 1wiy, 1x8v, 1xqd, 1yqo, 1yqp, 1yrc, 1yrd, 1z10, 1z11, 1z8o, 1z8p, 1z8q, 1zo4, 1zo9, 1zoa, 2a1m, 2a1n, 2a1o, 2bdm, 2bmh, 2bvj, 2bz9, 2c6h, 2c7x, 2ca0, 2cd8, 2ci0, 2cib, 2cp4, 2cpp, 2d09, 2d0e, 2dkk, 2f9q, 2fdu, 2fdv, 2fdw, 2fdy, 2fe6, 2fer, 2feu, 2frz, 2gqx, 2gr6, 2h7q, 2h7r, 2h7s, 2hpd, 2ij2, 2ij3, 2ij4, 2ij5, 2ij7, 2j0d, 2j1m, 2j4s, 2nnb, 2nnh, 2nni, 2nnj, 2nz5, 2nza, 2p85, 2pg5, 2pg6, 2pg7, 2q6n, 2qbl, 2qbm, 2qbn, 2qbo, 2rfb, 2rfc, 2rom, 2uwh, 2v0m, 2vku, 2vn0, 2z36, 2z3t, 2z3u, 2z97, 2zaw, 2zax, 2zbx, 2zby, 2zbz, 3ben, 3buj, 3c6g, 3cp4, 3cpp, 3czh, 3dl9, 4cp4, 4cpp, 5cp4, 5cpp, 6cp4, 6cpp, 7cpp, 8cpp

Citohrom P450 superfamilija (CYP) je velika i razvnovrsna grupa enzima. Funkcija većine „CYP“ enzima je kataliza oksidacije organskih supstanci. Supstrati CYP enzima su metabolički intermedijari poput lipida i steroidnih hormona, ksenobiotske supstance poput lekova, kao i toksične hemikalije. Citohromi P450 su velika grupa enzima koji učestvuju u metabolizmu lekova i u bioaktivaciji. Smatra se da oni posreduju oko 75% totalnog broja različitih metaboličkih reakcija.

Najčešće katalizovana reakcija citohromima P450 je monooksigenaza, npr., umetanje atoma kiseonika u organski supstrat (RH) dok se drugi atom kiseonika redukuje do vode:

RH + O₂ + NADPH + H⁺ → ROH + H₂O + NADP⁺

Citohromi P450 pripadaju superfamiliji proteina koji sadrže Hem kofaktor i stoga su hemoproteini. Njihovi supstrati su veoma raznovrsni u pogledu hemijske strukture i molekulske težine. Oni su često deo multi-komponentnog lanca transfera elektrona. Citohromi P450 su dobili imena na osnovu njihove ćelijske (cito) lokacije i spektrofotometrijskih karakteristika (hrom): kad redukovano hem gvožđe formira kompleks sa CO, P450 enzimi apsorbuju svetlost na talasnim dužinama blizo 450 nm.

CYP enzimi su prisutni u svim domenima života, i.e., u životinjama, biljkama, gljivama, protistima, bakterijama, arhejama, pa čak i u virusima. Više od 11 500 distinktnih CYP proteina je poznato.

Literatura

• Degtyarenko K (9. 1. 2009.). „Directory of P450-containing Systems”. International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology. http://www.icgeb.org/~p450srv/. Pristupljeno 10. 2. 2009. 
• Estabrook R (2003). „A passion for P450s (remembrances of the early history of research on cytochrome P450)”. Drug Metab Dispos 31 (12): 1461–73. DOI:10.1124/dmd.31.12.1461. PMID 14625342. 
• Feyereisen R (19. 12. 2005.). „The Insect P450 Site”. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique. http://p450.sophia.inra.fr/. Pristupljeno 10. 2. 2009. 
• Flockhart DA (2007). „Cytochrome P450 drug interaction table”. Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis. http://medicine.iupui.edu/flockhart/. Pristupljeno 10. 2. 2009. 
• Fowler L, Mercer A. „Cytochrome P450 Animated Tutorial”. School of Pharmacy, London. http://elearn.pharmacy.ac.uk/flash/view/Cytochrome_P450.html. Pristupljeno 10. 2. 2009. 
• Preissner S (2010). „Cytochrome P450 database”. Nucleic Acids Research. http://bioinformatics.charite.de/supercyp/. 
• Nelson D (8. 4. 2005.). „Cytochrome P450 Homepage”. University of Tennessee Health Science Center. Arhivirano iz originala 2010-06-27. https://web.archive.org/web/20100627184446/http://drnelson.uthsc.edu/CytochromeP450.html. Pristupljeno 10. 2. 2009. 
• Sim SC (4. 9. 2008.). „Human Cytochrome P450 (CYP) Allele Nomenclature Committee”. Karolinska Institutet. http://www.cypalleles.ki.se/. Pristupljeno 10. 2. 2009. 
• Hazai E (12. 2. 2012.). „Cytochrome P450 enzyme-substrate selectivity prediction”. http://p450.althotas.com/. 
• Roland Sigel; Sigel, Astrid; Sigel, Helmut (2007). The Ubiquitous Roles of Cytochrome P450 Proteins: Metal Ions in Life Sciences. New York: Wiley. 

Spoljašnje veze

Citohrom P450 na Wikimedijinoj ostavi