Bhaskara II
Ne poistovijećivati sa Bhāskara I.Bhāskara[1] (također poznat kao Bhāskara II i Bhāskarāchārya ("Bhāskara učitelj"), (1114–1185), bio je indijski matematičar i astronom rodom iz Vijjadavide (Bijāpur u današnjoj držav Karnataka). Bhāskara je po predaji bio načelnik astronomske opservatorije u Ujjainu, glavne naučne institucije u drevnoj indiji. Živio je u oblasti Sahyadri (Patnadevi, Jalgaon, Maharashtra).[1]
Bhāskara i njegovo djelo se smatraju značajnim doprinosom matematičkom i astronomskom znanju 12. vijeka. Nazivan je najvećim matematičarom srednjovjekovne indije.[2] Najvažnije djelo mu je Siddhānta Shiromani, ("Kruna traktatat" na sanskritu [3]), podijeljeno na četiri dijela - Lilāvati, Bijaganita, Grahaganita and Golādhyāya.[4] Oni se bave aritmetikom, algebrom, matematikom planate i sfera. Također je napisao traktakt pod nazivom Karna Kautoohala.
Bhāskarino djelo o kalkulusu prethodi Newtonom i Leibnizom više od pola mileniujuma.[5][6] Posebno je poznat po otkriću diferencijalnog računa i njegovoj primjeni u astronomiji. [7]
Izvori[uredi | uredi kod]
- ↑ 1,0 1,1 Pingree 1970: str. 299
- ↑ Chopra 1982: str. 52–54
- ↑ Plofker 2009: str. 71
- ↑ Poulose 1991: str. 79
- ↑ Seal 1915: str. 80
- ↑ Sarkar 1918: str. 23
- ↑ Goonatilake 1999: str. 134
Literatura[uredi | uredi kod]
- Sarkār, Benoy Kumar (1918), Hindu achievements in exact science: a study in the history of scientific development, Longmans, Green and co.
- Seal, Sir Brajendranath (1915), The positive sciences of the ancient Hindus, Longmans, Green and co.
- Pingree, David Edwin (1970), Census of the Exact Sciences in Sanskrit, Volume 146, American Philosophical Society, ISBN 978-0-87169-146-0
- Plofker, Kim (2009), Mathematics in India, Princeton University Press, ISBN 978-0-691-12067-6
- Colebrooke, Henry T. (1817), Arithmetic and mensuration of Brahmegupta and Bhaskara
- White (1978), „Tibet, India, and Malaya as Sources of Western Medieval Technology”, Medieval religion and technology: collected essays, University of California Press, ISBN 978-0-520-03566-9
- Selin, Helaine, ur. (2008), „Astronomical Instruments in India”, Encyclopaedia of the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine in Non-Western Cultures (2nd edition), Springer Verlag Ny, ISBN 978-1-4020-4559-2
- Shukla, Kripa Shankar (1984), „Use of Calculus in Hindu Mathematics”, Indian Journal of History of Science 19: 95–104
- Cooke, Roger (1997), „The Mathematics of the Hindus”, The History of Mathematics: A Brief Course, Wiley-Interscience, pp. 213–215, ISBN 0-471-18082-3
- Poulose, K. G. (1991), K. G. Poulose, ur., Scientific heritage of India, mathematics, Volume 22 of Ravivarma Samskr̥ta granthāvali, Govt. Sanskrit College (Tripunithura, India)
- Chopra, Pran Nath (1982), Religions and communities of India, Vision Books, ISBN 978-0-85692-081-3
- Goonatilake, Susantha (1999), Toward a global science: mining civilizational knowledge, Indiana University Press, ISBN 978-0-253-21182-8
- Selin, Helaine; D'Ambrosio, Ubiratan, ur. (2001), Mathematics across cultures: the history of non-western mathematics, Volume 2 of Science across cultures, Springer, ISBN 978-1-4020-0260-1
- Stillwell, John (2002), Mathematics and its history, Undergraduate texts in mathematics, Springer, ISBN 978-0-387-95336-6
Vanjske veze[uredi | uredi kod]
- Bhaskara Biography Arhivirano 2011-07-07 na Wayback Machine-u
- Calculus in Kerala Arhivirano 2006-08-06 na Wayback Machine-u
