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Lov na vještice

Izvor: Wikipedija
(Preusmjereno sa stranice Lov na veštice)
Spaljivanje tri vještice u Badenu u Švicarskoj (1585); autor: Johann Jakob Wick.

Lov na vještice je izraz koji u tradicionalnom smislu označava potragu za osobama koje se bave vračanjem, odnosno dokazima o takvoj aktivnosti u društvima u kojima se čaranje smatra protuzakonitim i/li suprotnim običajem. U užem smislu se pod time podrazumijevaju društveni fenomeni koji sadrže elemente moralne panike, masovne histerije i linča, a ponekad uključuju službenu, odnosno državnu sankciju kroz suđenja vješticama ili čarobnjacima. U još užem smislu se pod time podrazumijeva tzv. klasični period progona vještica kada se od 15. do 18. vijeka vještice progonilo u tadašnjoj Evropi i Sjevernoj Americi, a što je dovelo do pogubljenja između 40.000 i 60.000 ljudi, najčešće žena. Taj je period završio kada su u evropskim zemljama zavladale ideje racionalizma i Prosvjetiteljstva, te su odredbe o zabrani i kažnjavanju čarobnjaštva izbačeni iz kaznenih zakonodavstava. Lov na vještice se otada uglavnom pojavljuje kao fenomen u ne-evrospkim zemljama, a danas je prisutan u subsaharskoj Africi, Indiji i Papui Novoj Gvineji; od zemalja čija zakonodavstva sadrže kazne za čarobnjaštvo su danas preostale samo Saudijska Arabija i Kamerun.

Izraz se, pak, u slikovitom smislu koristi za svako histerično progananje navodnih subverzivaca, državnih neprijatelja ili prikrivenih zlostavljača. Kao primjeri obično služe tzv. makartistički lov na vještice u SAD 1950-ih i histerija oko zlostavljanja djece u vrtićima 1980-ih i 1990-ih.

Povzeano

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Literatura

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  • Behringer, Wolfgang. Witches and Witch Hunts: A Global History. Malden Massachusetts: Polity Press, 2004.
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  • Purkiss, Diane. "A Holocaust of One's Own: The Myth of the Burning Times." Chapter in The Witch and History: Early Modern and Twentieth Century Representatives New York, NY: Routledge, 1996, pp. 7–29.
  • Robisheaux, Thomas. The Last Witch of Langenburg: Murder in a German Village. New York: W.W. Norton & Co. (2009) ISBN 978-0-393-06551-0
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  • Thurston, Robert. The Witch Hunts: A History of the Witch Persecutions in Europe and North America. Pearson/Longman, 2007.
  • Purkiss, Diane. The Bottom of the Garden, Dark History of Fairies, Hobgoblins, and Other Troublesome Things. Chapter 3 Brith and Death: Fairies in Scottish Witch-trials New York, NY: New York University Press, 2000, pp. 85–115.
  • West, Robert H. Reginald Scot and Renaissance Writings. Boston: Twayne Publishers, 1984.
  • Briggs, K.M. Pale Hecate’s Team, an Examination of the Beliefs on Witchcraft and Magic among Shakespeare’s Contemporaries and His Immediate Successors. New York: The Humanities Press, 1962.

Vanjske veze

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